By: Gcina Gumede Structure and function of PCL The posterior cruciate ligament is found in the knee just behind the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). It connects the femur (thigh bone) to the tibia (shin bone) and it prevents the tibia from moving backwards. This ensures that there is smooth movement of the knee joint. The PCL […]

by Jana van Jaarsveld Shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS) poses a significant challenge for athletes engaged in overhead sports. The intricate mechanics of the shoulder joint, combined with the repetitive stress of overhead movements, makes this condition prevalent among athletes. This Article delves into the different types of shoulder impingement, diagnostic approaches, and current management strategies […]

By Kiara Fitzhenry Each year, more than 800 000 people are diagnosed with liver cancer all around the world. It is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Since 1980, the incidence of liver cancer diagnoses has tripled, whilst death rates have more than doubled. Exercise can play an important role in supporting individuals with liver […]

By Kiara Fitzhenry A groin hernia, also known as an inguinal hernia, occurs when a portion of tissue, such as part of the intestine, protrudes through a weak spot in the abdominal muscles in the groin area. This type of hernia is the most common, especially in men, though it can also occur in women. […]

By: Gcina Gumede Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the tissues of the body that produce blood cells such as your bone marrow, lymph nodes and spleen. Leukemia mainly affects the white blood which are an important part of the immune system. The bone marrow will produce abnormal white blood cells that do not […]

By: Gcina Gumede Legg-Calves-Perthes disease (LCPD) is when the blood supply of the femoral epiphysis of the femoral head (the “ball” of the ball-and-socket hip joint) is interrupted. The disease involves a temporary interruption of blood supply to the femoral head, which leads to the death of bone tissue in the femoral head. Etiology of LCPD The exact […]

By: Gcina Gumede Obesity is excesses weight or body fat that generally associated with negative health consequences. It is defined by the body mass index (BMI) scale which can classify if someone is underweight, at the normal weight, overweight or obese in relation to their height. Obesity is increasingly becoming more common in modern society, […]

Ataxia is a characteristic of a group of neurological disorders that affects a person’s voluntary muscle coordination, balance, and speech. It can affect various body parts, leading to symptoms such as unsteady gait, difficulty with balance and coordination, and clumsiness. Ataxia can result from damage to the cerebellum, spinal cord, or peripheral nerves, and it may […]

By Kiara Fitzhenry Lower back pain often arises from various factors, and muscle imbalance can undoubtedly  be one of them. Muscular imbalances have been shown to play a significant role in the development and worsening of lower back pain. Differences in strength between muscles on opposite sides of the body may lead to poor posture, […]

by Jana van Jaarsveld Spondylolisthesis is a spinal condition that involves instability of the spine characterized by the forward displacement of one vertebra over the vertebra beneath it. This displacement may put pressure on a nerve and can result in pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, impacting the quality of life for those affected. While treatment […]